Longest Increasing Path in a Matrix LeetCode Solution

Problem – Longest Increasing Path in a Matrix

Given an m x n integers matrix, return the length of the longest increasing path in matrix.

From each cell, you can either move in four directions: left, right, up, or down. You may not move diagonally or move outside the boundary (i.e., wrap-around is not allowed).

Example 1:

Input: matrix = [[9,9,4],[6,6,8],[2,1,1]]
Output: 4
Explanation: The longest increasing path is [1, 2, 6, 9].

Example 2:

Input: matrix = [[3,4,5],[3,2,6],[2,2,1]]
Output: 4
Explanation: The longest increasing path is [3, 4, 5, 6]. Moving diagonally is not allowed.

Example 3:

Input: matrix = [[1]]
Output: 1

Constraints:

• m == matrix.length
• n == matrix[i].length
• 1 <= m, n <= 200
• 0 <= matrix[i][j] <= 231 - 1

Longest Increasing Path in a Matrix LeetCode Solution in Java

public static final int[][] dirs = {{0, 1}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {-1, 0}};

public int longestIncreasingPath(int[][] matrix) {
    if(matrix.length == 0) return 0;
    int m = matrix.length, n = matrix[0].length;
    int[][] cache = new int[m][n];
    int max = 1;
    for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
        for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            int len = dfs(matrix, i, j, m, n, cache);
            max = Math.max(max, len);
        }
    }   
    return max;
}

public int dfs(int[][] matrix, int i, int j, int m, int n, int[][] cache) {
    if(cache[i][j] != 0) return cache[i][j];
    int max = 1;
    for(int[] dir: dirs) {
        int x = i + dir[0], y = j + dir[1];
        if(x < 0 || x >= m || y < 0 || y >= n || matrix[x][y] <= matrix[i][j]) continue;
        int len = 1 + dfs(matrix, x, y, m, n, cache);
        max = Math.max(max, len);
    }
    cache[i][j] = max;
    return max;
}

Longest Increasing Path in a Matrix LeetCode Solution in Python

def longestIncreasingPath(self, matrix):
    def dfs(i, j):
        if not dp[i][j]:
            val = matrix[i][j]
            dp[i][j] = 1 + max(
                dfs(i - 1, j) if i and val > matrix[i - 1][j] else 0,
                dfs(i + 1, j) if i < M - 1 and val > matrix[i + 1][j] else 0,
                dfs(i, j - 1) if j and val > matrix[i][j - 1] else 0,
                dfs(i, j + 1) if j < N - 1 and val > matrix[i][j + 1] else 0)
        return dp[i][j]

    if not matrix or not matrix[0]: return 0
    M, N = len(matrix), len(matrix[0])
    dp = [[0] * N for i in range(M)]
    return max(dfs(x, y) for x in range(M) for y in range(N))

Longest Increasing Path in a Matrix LeetCode Solution in C++

int moves[4][2] = { {-1,0},{1,0},{0,-1},{0,1} };   // all the moves available to us - top, down, left, right
int longestIncreasingPath(vector<vector<int>>& matrix) {
	int maxPath = 1; // atleast one cell can always be selected in the path
	// explore each cell of matrix to find longest path achievable from that cell and finally return the maximum
	for(int i = 0; i < size(matrix); i++)
		for(int j = 0; j < size(matrix[0]); j++)
			maxPath = max(maxPath, solve(matrix, i, j));		        
	return maxPath;
}
// recursive solver for each cell 
int solve(vector<vector<int>>& mat, int i, int j){
	int MAX = 1;  // max length of path starting from cell i,j of matrix
	// choosing all the 4 moves available for current cell
	for(int k = 0; k < 4; k++){
		int new_i = i + moves[k][0], new_j = j + moves[k][1];
		// bound checking as well as move to next cell only when it is greater in value
		if(new_i < 0 || new_j < 0 || new_i >= size(mat) || new_j >= size(mat[0]) || mat[new_i][new_j] <= mat[i][j]) continue;
		// MAX will be updated each time to store maximum of path length from each move
		MAX = max(MAX, 1 + solve(mat, new_i, new_j));
	}         
	return MAX;
}

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