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Point Grid CodeChef Solution
Problem -Point Grid CodeChef Solution
This website is dedicated for CodeChef solution where we will publish right solution of all your favourite CodeChef problems along with detailed explanatory of different competitive programming concepts and languages.
Point Grid CodeChef Solution in C++17
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
#define deb(x) cout << #x << "=" << x << endl;
#else
#define deb
#endif // ONLINE_JUDGE
#define fo(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
#define int long long
//=======================
void solve()
{
// int i, j, n, m;
int n, x, y;
cin >> n;
string s;
int a[n];
for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
cin>>a[i];
}
int cnt=0;
for(int i=1;i<n;i++){
cnt+=max((long long)0,(a[i-1]-a[i]+1));
}
cnt+=a[n-1];
cout<<cnt<<endl;
// int cnt=0;
// for(int i=1;i<s.size();i++){
// if(s[i-1]!=s[i]){
// cnt++;
// }
// }
// // cout << s << endl;
// cout << cnt << endl;
}
int32_t main()
{
// c_p_c();
int t = 1;
cin >> t;
// cout << 1 << endl;
while (t--)
{
solve();
}
return 0;
}Point Grid CodeChef Solution in C++14
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <functional>
#include <algorithm>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <bitset>
#include <complex>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
typedef pair<LL, LL> PL;
typedef vector<LL> VL;
typedef vector<PL> VPL;
typedef vector<VL> VVL;
typedef pair<int, int> PI;
typedef vector<int> VI;
typedef vector<PI> VPI;
typedef vector<vector<int>> VVI;
typedef vector<vector<PI>> VVPI;
typedef long double LD;
typedef pair<LD, LD> PLDLD;
typedef complex<double> CD;
typedef vector<CD> VCD;
typedef vector<string> VS;
#define MP make_pair
#define PB push_back
#define F first
#define S second
#define LB lower_bound
#define UB upper_bound
#define SZ(x) ((int)x.size())
#define LEN(x) ((int)x.length())
#define ALL(x) begin(x), end(x)
#define RSZ resize
#define ASS assign
#define REV(x) reverse(x.begin(), x.end());
#define FOR(i, a, b) for (int i = (a); i < (b); i++)
#define F0R(i, a) for (int i = 0; i < (a); i++)
#define FORd(i,a,b) for (int i = (b)-1; i >= (a); i--)
#define F0Rd(i,a) for (int i = (a)-1; i >= 0; i--)
#define trav(a, x) for (auto& a : x)
const LL INF = 1E18;
const int MAXX = 300005;
const LD PAI = 4 * atan((LD)1);
template <typename T>
class fenwick_tree {
public:
vector<T> fenw;
int n;
fenwick_tree(int _n) : n(_n) {
fenw.resize(n);
}
void update(int x, T v) {
while (x < n) {
fenw[x] += v;
x |= (x + 1);
//x += (x & (-x));
}
}
T query(int x) {
T v{};
while (x >= 0) {
v += fenw[x];
x = (x & (x + 1)) - 1;
}
return v;
}
T query_full(int a, int b) { // range query
return query(b) - ((a <= 1) ? 0 : query(a - 1));
}
};
template <typename T>
vector<T> serialize(vector<T> a, int startvalue = 0) {
int n = a.size(), i, j, k, ct;
vector<T> ans(n);
map<T, T> id;
for (auto p : a) id[p] = 0;
ct = startvalue;
for (auto p : id) id[p.first] = ct++;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) ans[i] = id[a[i]];
return ans;
}
template <typename T>
class segment_tree {
vector<T> t;
T VERYBIG;
bool ISMAXRANGE;
int size;
public:
segment_tree(int n, bool range_max = true) {
if (is_same<T, int>::value) VERYBIG = (1 << 30);
else if (is_same<T, LL>::value) VERYBIG = (1LL << 60);
//else if (is_same<T, PII>::value) VERYBIG = PII({ 1E9, 1E9 });
//else if (is_same<T, PLL>::value) VERYBIG = { 1LL << 60, 1LL << 60 };
ISMAXRANGE = range_max;
if (ISMAXRANGE) t.assign(4 * n + 1, 0);
else t.assign(4 * n + 1, VERYBIG);
size = n;
}
void initialize_array(vector<T>& v) {
initialize_with_array(1, 0, size - 1, v);
}
void initialize_with_array(int startpos, int l, int r, vector<T>& v) {
if (l == r) {
t[startpos] = v[l];
}
else {
int m = (l + r) / 2;
initialize_with_array(2 * startpos, l, m, v);
initialize_with_array(2 * startpos + 1, m + 1, r, v);
if (ISMAXRANGE == 1) t[startpos] = max(t[startpos * 2], t[startpos * 2 + 1]);
else t[startpos] = min(t[startpos * 2], t[startpos * 2 + 1]);
}
}
void update(int index, T val) { // insert val into location index
update_full(1, 0, size - 1, index, val);
}
void update_full(int startpos, int l, int r, int index, T val) {
if (l == r) {
t[startpos] = val;
}
else {
int m = (l + r) / 2;
if (index <= m) update_full(2 * startpos, l, m, index, val);
else update_full(2 * startpos + 1, m + 1, r, index, val);
if (ISMAXRANGE) t[startpos] = max(t[startpos * 2], t[startpos * 2 + 1]);
else t[startpos] = min(t[startpos * 2], t[startpos * 2 + 1]);
}
}
T query(int l, int r) { // get range min/max between l and r
if (l > r) {
if (ISMAXRANGE) return 0;
else return VERYBIG;
}
return query_full(1, 0, size - 1, l, r);
}
T query_full(int startpos, int left, int right, int l, int r) { // left/right = current range, l/r = intended query range
if ((left >= l) && (right <= r)) return t[startpos];
int m = (left + right) / 2;
T ans;
if (ISMAXRANGE) ans = -VERYBIG;
else ans = VERYBIG;
if (m >= l) {
if (ISMAXRANGE) ans = max(ans, query_full(startpos * 2, left, m, l, r));
else ans = min(ans, query_full(startpos * 2, left, m, l, r));
}
if (m + 1 <= r) {
if (ISMAXRANGE) ans = max(ans, query_full(startpos * 2 + 1, m + 1, right, l, r));
else ans = min(ans, query_full(startpos * 2 + 1, m + 1, right, l, r));
}
return ans;
}
};
//#define MOD 1000000007
int MOD = 1, root = 2; // 998244353
template<class T> T invGeneral(T a, T b) {
a %= b; if (a == 0) return b == 1 ? 0 : -1;
T x = invGeneral(b, a);
return x == -1 ? -1 : ((1 - (LL)b * x) / a + b) % b;
}
template<class T> struct modular {
T val;
explicit operator T() const { return val; }
modular() { val = 0; }
modular(const LL& v) {
val = (-MOD <= v && v <= MOD) ? v : v % MOD;
if (val < 0) val += MOD;
}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const modular& a) { return os << a.val; }
friend bool operator==(const modular& a, const modular& b) { return a.val == b.val; }
friend bool operator!=(const modular& a, const modular& b) { return !(a == b); }
friend bool operator<(const modular& a, const modular& b) { return a.val < b.val; }
modular operator-() const { return modular(-val); }
modular& operator+=(const modular& m) { if ((val += m.val) >= MOD) val -= MOD; return *this; }
modular& operator-=(const modular& m) { if ((val -= m.val) < 0) val += MOD; return *this; }
modular& operator*=(const modular& m) { val = (LL)val * m.val % MOD; return *this; }
friend modular pow(modular a, LL p) {
modular ans = 1; for (; p; p /= 2, a *= a) if (p & 1) ans *= a;
return ans;
}
friend modular inv(const modular& a) {
auto i = invGeneral(a.val, MOD); assert(i != -1);
return i;
} // equivalent to return exp(b,MOD-2) if MOD is prime
modular& operator/=(const modular& m) { return (*this) *= inv(m); }
friend modular operator+(modular a, const modular& b) { return a += b; }
friend modular operator-(modular a, const modular& b) { return a -= b; }
friend modular operator*(modular a, const modular& b) { return a *= b; }
friend modular operator/(modular a, const modular& b) { return a /= b; }
};
typedef modular<int> mi;
typedef pair<mi, mi> pmi;
typedef vector<mi> vmi;
typedef vector<pmi> vpmi;
//mt19937 rng(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
namespace vecOp {
template<class T> vector<T> rev(vector<T> v) { reverse(ALL(v)); return v; }
template<class T> vector<T> shift(vector<T> v, int x) { v.insert(v.begin(), x, 0); return v; }
template<class T> vector<T>& operator+=(vector<T>& l, const vector<T>& r) {
l.rSZ(max(SZ(l), SZ(r))); F0R(i, SZ(r)) l[i] += r[i]; return l;
}
template<class T> vector<T>& operator-=(vector<T>& l, const vector<T>& r) {
l.rSZ(max(SZ(l), SZ(r))); F0R(i, SZ(r)) l[i] -= r[i]; return l;
}
template<class T> vector<T>& operator*=(vector<T>& l, const T& r) { trav(t, l) t *= r; return l; }
template<class T> vector<T>& operator/=(vector<T>& l, const T& r) { trav(t, l) t /= r; return l; }
template<class T> vector<T> operator+(vector<T> l, const vector<T>& r) { return l += r; }
template<class T> vector<T> operator-(vector<T> l, const vector<T>& r) { return l -= r; }
template<class T> vector<T> operator*(vector<T> l, const T& r) { return l *= r; }
template<class T> vector<T> operator*(const T& r, const vector<T>& l) { return l * r; }
template<class T> vector<T> operator/(vector<T> l, const T& r) { return l /= r; }
template<class T> vector<T> operator*(const vector<T>& l, const vector<T>& r) {
if (min(SZ(l), SZ(r)) == 0) return {};
vector<T> x(SZ(l) + SZ(r) - 1); F0R(i, SZ(l)) F0R(j, SZ(r)) x[i + j] += l[i] * r[j];
return x;
}
template<class T> vector<T>& operator*=(vector<T>& l, const vector<T>& r) { return l = l * r; }
template<class T> vector<T> rem(vector<T> a, vector<T> b) {
while (SZ(b) && b.back() == 0) b.pop_back();
assert(SZ(b)); b /= b.back();
while (SZ(a) >= SZ(b)) {
a -= a.back() * shift(b, SZ(a) - SZ(b));
while (SZ(a) && a.back() == 0) a.pop_back();
}
return a;
}
template<class T> vector<T> interpolate(vector<pair<T, T>> v) {
vector<T> ret;
F0R(i, SZ(v)) {
vector<T> prod = { 1 };
T todiv = 1;
F0R(j, SZ(v)) if (i != j) {
todiv *= v[i].f - v[j].f;
vector<T> tmp = { -v[j].f,1 }; prod *= tmp;
}
ret += prod * (v[i].s / todiv);
}
return ret;
}
}
using namespace vecOp;
class factorial {
public:
LL MAXX, MOD;
VL f, ff;
factorial(LL maxx = 200010, LL mod = 998244353) {
MAXX = maxx;
MOD = mod;
f.RSZ(MAXX);
ff.RSZ(MAXX);
f[0] = 1;
for (int i = 1; i < MAXX; i++) f[i] = (f[i - 1] * i) % MOD;
for (int i = 0; i < MAXX; i++) ff[i] = mul_inv(f[i], MOD);
}
long long mul_inv(long long a, long long b)
{
long long b0 = b, t, q;
long long x0 = 0, x1 = 1;
if (b == 1) return 1;
while (a > 1) {
q = a / b;
t = b, b = a % b, a = t;
t = x0, x0 = x1 - q * x0, x1 = t;
}
if (x1 < 0) x1 += b0;
return x1;
}
long long division(long long a, long long b) { // (a / b) mod p = ((a mod p) * (b^(-1) mod p)) mod p
long long ans, inv;
inv = mul_inv(b, MOD);
ans = ((a % MOD) * inv) % MOD;
return ans;
}
LL calcc(LL n, LL a) {
if (n == a) return 1;
if (n == 0) return 0;
if (n < a) return 0;
LL ans = (f[n] * ff[a]) % MOD;
ans = (ans * ff[n - a]) % MOD;
return ans;
}
LL calcp(LL n, LL a) {
LL ans = (f[n] * ff[n - a]) % MOD;
return ans;
}
LL exp(LL base, LL n) {
base %= MOD;
LL ans = 1, x = base, MAXLEVEL = 60, i;
for (i = 0; i < MAXLEVEL; i++) {
if ((1LL << i) > n) break;
if ((1LL << i) & n) ans = (ans * x) % MOD;
x = (x * x) % MOD;
}
return ans;
}
};
#ifdef _MSC_VER
//#include <intrin.h>
#endif
namespace FFT {
#ifdef _MSC_VER
int size(int s) {
if (s == 0) return 0;
unsigned long index;
_BitScanReverse(&index, s);
return index + 1;
}
#else
constexpr int size(int s) { return s > 1 ? 32 - __builtin_clz(s - 1) : 0; }
#endif
template<class T> bool small(const vector<T>& a, const vector<T>& b) {
return (LL)SZ(a) * SZ(b) <= 500000;
}
void genRoots(vmi& roots) { // primitive n-th roots of unity
int n = SZ(roots); mi r = pow(mi(root), (MOD - 1) / n);
roots[0] = 1; FOR(i, 1, n) roots[i] = roots[i - 1] * r;
}
void genRoots(VCD& roots) { // change cd to complex<double> instead?
int n = SZ(roots); LD ang = 2 * PAI / n;
F0R(i, n) roots[i] = CD(cos(ang * i), sin(ang * i)); // is there a way to do this more quickly?
}
template<class T> void fft(vector<T>& a, vector<T>& roots) {
int n = SZ(a);
for (int i = 1, j = 0; i < n; i++) { // sort by reverse bit representation
int bit = n >> 1;
for (; j & bit; bit >>= 1) j ^= bit;
j ^= bit; if (i < j) swap(a[i], a[j]);
}
for (int len = 2; len <= n; len <<= 1)
for (int i = 0; i < n; i += len)
F0R(j, len / 2) {
auto u = a[i + j], v = a[i + j + len / 2] * roots[n / len * j];
a[i + j] = u + v, a[i + j + len / 2] = u - v;
}
}
template<class T> vector<T> conv(vector<T> a, vector<T> b) {
//if (small(a, b)) return a * b;
int s = SZ(a) + SZ(b) - 1, n = 1 << size(s);
vector<T> roots(n); genRoots(roots);
a.RSZ(n), fft(a, roots); b.RSZ(n), fft(b, roots);
F0R(i, n) a[i] *= b[i];
reverse(begin(roots) + 1, end(roots)); fft(a, roots); // inverse FFT
T in = T(1) / T(n); trav(x, a) x *= in;
a.RSZ(s); return a;
}
VL conv(const VL& a, const VL& b) {
//if (small(a, b)) return a * b;
VCD X = conv(VCD(ALL(a)), VCD(ALL(b)));
VL x(SZ(X)); F0R(i, SZ(X)) x[i] = round(X[i].real());
return x;
} // ~0.55s when SZ(a)=SZ(b)=1<<19
VL conv(const VL& a, const VL& b, LL mod) { // http://codeforces.com/contest/960/submission/37085144
//if (small(a, b)) return a * b;
int s = SZ(a) + SZ(b) - 1, n = 1 << size(s);
VCD v1(n), v2(n), r1(n), r2(n);
F0R(i, SZ(a)) v1[i] = CD(a[i] >> 15, a[i] & 32767); // v1(x)=a0(x)+i*a1(x)
F0R(i, SZ(b)) v2[i] = CD(b[i] >> 15, b[i] & 32767); // v2(x)=b0(x)+i*b1(x)
VCD roots(n); genRoots(roots);
fft(v1, roots), fft(v2, roots);
F0R(i, n) {
int j = (i ? (n - i) : i);
CD ans1 = (v1[i] + conj(v1[j])) * CD(0.5, 0); // a0(x)
CD ans2 = (v1[i] - conj(v1[j])) * CD(0, -0.5); // a1(x)
CD ans3 = (v2[i] + conj(v2[j])) * CD(0.5, 0); // b0(x)
CD ans4 = (v2[i] - conj(v2[j])) * CD(0, -0.5); // b1(x)
r1[i] = (ans1 * ans3) + (ans1 * ans4) * CD(0, 1); // a0(x)*v2(x)
r2[i] = (ans2 * ans3) + (ans2 * ans4) * CD(0, 1); // a1(x)*v2(x)
}
reverse(begin(roots) + 1, end(roots));
fft(r1, roots), fft(r2, roots); F0R(i, n) r1[i] /= n, r2[i] /= n;
VL ret(n);
F0R(i, n) {
LL av = (LL)round(r1[i].real()); // a0*b0
LL bv = (LL)round(r1[i].imag()) + (LL)round(r2[i].real()); // a0*b1+a1*b0
LL cv = (LL)round(r2[i].imag()); // a1*b1
av %= mod, bv %= mod, cv %= mod;
ret[i] = (av << 30) + (bv << 15) + cv;
ret[i] = (ret[i] % mod + mod) % mod;
}
ret.resize(s);
return ret;
} // ~0.8s when SZ(a)=SZ(b)=1<<19
}
using namespace FFT;
long long gcd(long long a, long long b)
{
while (b != 0) {
long long t = b;
b = a % b;
a = t;
}
return a;
}
class tree { // implementation of recurvie programming
int ct;
public:
int nn, root; // # of nodes, id of root
vector<int> parent; // parent of each node; -1 if unassigned
vector<int> depth; // depth of each node
vector<int> sz; // subtree size of each node
vector<vector<int>> adj; // adjacency list from each node
vector<vector<int>> sons; // sons list from each node
// for cartesian_decomposition
vector<int> in, out; // starting and ending position of a subtree
vector<int> pos; // inorder of DFS
// for LCA sparse table
vector<vector<int>> pred;
int MAXLEVEL;
tree(int n) {
nn = n;
adj.clear();
adj.resize(n);
}
void add_path(int a, int b) {
adj[a].push_back(b);
adj[b].push_back(a);
}
void add_directed_path(int a, int b) {
adj[a].push_back(b);
}
void dfs_set_root(int id, bool cartesian_decomposition = false) { // internal
if (cartesian_decomposition) {
in[id] = ct;
pos[ct] = id;
ct++;
}
sz[id]++;
for (auto p : adj[id]) {
if (parent[p] == -1) {
parent[p] = id;
depth[p] = depth[id] + 1;
dfs_set_root(p, cartesian_decomposition);
sz[id] += sz[p];
sons[id].push_back(p);
}
}
if (cartesian_decomposition) out[id] = ct - 1;
}
void set_root(int id, bool cartesian_decomposition = true) { // set root of the tree and calculate necessary info
if (cartesian_decomposition) {
in.resize(nn);
out.resize(nn);
pos.resize(nn);
ct = 0;
}
parent.assign(nn, -1);
depth.assign(nn, -1);
sz.assign(nn, 0);
sons.clear();
sons.resize(nn);
// dfs_set_root(id, cartesian_decomposition);
// set root using stack
stack<pair<int, int>> st; // id, # of sons processes
st.push({ id, 0 });
parent[id] = 0;
depth[id] = 0;
int ct = 0;
while (!st.empty()) {
int id = st.top().first, x = st.top().second;
if (x == 0) {
in[id] = ct;
pos[ct] = id;
sz[id] = 1;
ct++;
}
if (x >= adj[id].size()) {
out[id] = ct - 1;
if (parent[id] != -1) {
sz[parent[id]] += sz[id];
}
st.pop();
}
else {
st.top().second++;
int p = adj[id][x];
if (parent[p] == -1) {
parent[p] = id;
depth[p] = depth[id] + 1;
sons[id].push_back(p);
st.push({ p, 0 });
}
}
}
int i = 0;
}
void eulerian_tour_dfs(int root, vector<int>& ans) {
ans.push_back(root);
for (auto p : sons[root]) {
eulerian_tour_dfs(p, ans);
ans.push_back(root);
}
}
vector<int> eulerian_tour(int root) {
vector<int> ans;
eulerian_tour_dfs(root, ans);
return ans;
}
void prep_LCA() { // prepare the sparse table for LCA calculation
MAXLEVEL = 1;
while ((1 << MAXLEVEL) < nn) MAXLEVEL++;
MAXLEVEL++;
pred.assign(MAXLEVEL, vector<int>(nn, 0));
pred[0] = parent;
int i, j, k;
for (i = 1; i < MAXLEVEL; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < nn; j++) {
if (pred[i - 1][j] != -1) pred[i][j] = pred[i - 1][pred[i - 1][j]];
}
}
}
int get_p_ancestor(int a, int p) { // get p-ancestor of node a; need to call set_root() and prep_LCA() first
int i;
for (i = MAXLEVEL - 1; (i >= 0) && (p > 0) && (a != -1); i--) {
if ((1 << i) & p) {
p -= (1 << i);
a = pred[i][a];
}
}
return a;
}
int LCA(int a, int b) { // get the LCA of a and b, need to call set_root() and prep_LCA() first
int da = depth[a], db = depth[b];
if (da > db) {
swap(da, db);
swap(a, b);
}
int i, j, k;
for (i = MAXLEVEL - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (db - (1 << i) >= da) {
db -= (1 << i);
b = pred[i][b];
}
}
if (a == b) return a;
for (i = MAXLEVEL - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (pred[i][a] != pred[i][b]) {
a = pred[i][a];
b = pred[i][b];
}
}
return parent[a];
}
int get_distance(int a, int b) { // get distance between a and b, need to call set_root() and prep_LCA() first
int c = LCA(a, b);
int ans = depth[a] + depth[b] - 2 * depth[c];
return ans;
}
int get_diameter() {
int a, b, c, i, j, k, id, INF = nn + 100, ans;
vector<int> dist(nn), last(nn);
queue<int> q;
if (nn == 1) return 0;
// first pass, start with 1 -- any node
a = 1;
dist.assign(nn, INF);
dist[a] = 0;
q.push(a);
while (!q.empty()) {
id = q.front();
q.pop();
for (auto p : adj[id]) {
if (dist[p] == INF) {
dist[p] = dist[id] + 1;
q.push(p);
}
}
}
// second pass, start from the most remote node id, collect last to get ID
a = id;
dist.assign(nn, INF);
last.assign(nn, -1);
dist[a] = 0;
q.push(a);
while (!q.empty()) {
id = q.front();
q.pop();
for (auto p : adj[id]) {
if (dist[p] == INF) {
dist[p] = dist[id] + 1;
last[p] = id;
q.push(p);
}
}
}
// a and id forms the diameter
ans = dist[id];
return ans;
// construct the path of diamter in path
vector<int> path;
b = id;
c = id;
do {
path.push_back(b);
b = last[b];
} while (b != -1);
return ans;
}
};
// Union-Find Disjoint Sets Library written in OOP manner, using both path compression and union by rank heuristics
// initialize: UnionFind UF(N)
class UnionFind { // OOP style
private:
vector<int> p, rank, setSize;
// p = path toward the root of disjoint set; p[i] = i means it is root
// rank = upper bound of the actual height of the tree; not reliable as accurate measure
// setSize = size of each disjoint set
int numSets;
public:
UnionFind(int N) {
setSize.assign(N, 1);
numSets = N;
rank.assign(N, 0);
p.assign(N, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) p[i] = i; // each belongs to its own set
}
int findSet(int i) {
return (p[i] == i) ? i : (p[i] = findSet(p[i])); // path compression: cut short of the path if possible
}
bool isSameSet(int i, int j) {
return findSet(i) == findSet(j);
}
void unionSet(int i, int j) {
if (!isSameSet(i, j)) {
numSets--;
int x = findSet(i), y = findSet(j);
// rank is used to keep the tree short
if (rank[x] > rank[y]) { p[y] = x; setSize[x] += setSize[y]; }
else {
p[x] = y; setSize[y] += setSize[x];
if (rank[x] == rank[y]) rank[y]++;
}
}
}
int numDisjointSets() { // # of disjoint sets
return numSets;
}
int sizeOfSet(int i) { // size of set
return setSize[findSet(i)];
}
};
#define MAXN 205000 // total # of prime numbers
#define MAXP 100100 // highest number to test prime
int prime[MAXN]; // prime numbers: 2, 3, 5 ...
int lp[MAXP]; // lp[n] = n if n is prime; otherwise smallest prime factor of the number
int phi[MAXP]; // phii function
class prime_class {
public:
long top;
prime_class() { // generate all prime under MAXP
int i, i2, j;
top = 0;
lp[0] = 0;
lp[1] = 1;
for (i = 2; i < MAXP; i++) lp[i] = 0;
top = 0;
for (i = 2; i < MAXP; ++i) {
if (lp[i] == 0) {
lp[i] = i;
prime[top++] = i;
}
for (j = 0; (j < top) && (prime[j] <= lp[i]) && (i * prime[j] < MAXP); ++j)
lp[i * prime[j]] = prime[j];
}
}
bool isprime(long long key)
{
if (key < MAXP) return (lp[key] == key) && (key >= 2);
else {
int i;
for (i = 0; (i < top) && (prime[i] * prime[i] <= key); i++)
if (key % prime[i] == 0) return false;
return true;
}
}
unordered_map<int, int> factorize(int key) {
unordered_map<int, int> ans;
while (lp[key] != key) {
ans[lp[key]]++;
key /= lp[key];
}
if (key > 1) ans[key]++;
return ans;
}
vector<int> mobius(int n) { // generate mobius function of size n
int i, j, k, ct, curr, cct, x, last;
vector<int> mobius(n + 1);
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
curr = i; ct = 0; last = -1;
while (lp[curr] != curr) {
x = lp[curr];
if (x != last) {
cct = 1;
last = x;
ct++;
}
else {
if (++cct >= 2) {
mobius[i] = 0;
goto outer;
}
}
curr /= lp[curr];
}
if (curr > 1) {
x = curr;
if (x != last) {
cct = 1;
last = x;
ct++;
}
else {
if (++cct >= 2) {
mobius[i] = 0;
goto outer;
}
}
}
if (ct % 2 == 0) mobius[i] = 1;
else mobius[i] = -1;
outer:;
}
return mobius;
}
int get_phi(int key) { // calculate Euler's totient function, also known as phi-function
int ans = key, last = 0;
while (lp[key] != key) {
if (lp[key] != last) {
last = lp[key];
ans -= ans / last;
}
key /= lp[key];
}
if ((key > 1) && (key != last)) ans -= ans / key;
return ans;
}
void calc_all_phi(int n) {
int i, j, k;
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) phi[i] = i;
for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
if (phi[i] == i) {
for (int j = i; j < n; j += i) {
phi[j] /= i;
phi[j] *= i - 1;
}
}
}
}
vector<pair<long long, long long>> factorize_full(long long key) { // can be used to factorize numbers >= MAXP
vector<pair<long long, long long>> ans;
long i, ct, sq = sqrt(key) + 10;
for (i = 0; (i < top) && (prime[i] <= sq); i++)
if (key % prime[i] == 0) {
ct = 0;
while (key % prime[i] == 0) {
ct++;
key /= prime[i];
}
ans.push_back({ prime[i], ct });
}
if (key > 1) {
ans.push_back({ key, 1 });
}
return ans;
}
void generate_divisors(int step, int v, vector<pair<int, int>>& fp, vector<int>& ans) {
if (step < fp.size()) {
generate_divisors(step + 1, v, fp, ans);
for (int i = 1; i <= fp[step].second; i++) {
v *= fp[step].first;
generate_divisors(step + 1, v, fp, ans);
}
}
else ans.push_back(v);
}
void generate_divisors_full(long long step, long long v, vector<pair<long long, long long>>& fp, vector<long long>& ans) {
if (step < fp.size()) {
generate_divisors_full(step + 1, v, fp, ans);
for (int i = 1; i <= fp[step].second; i++) {
v *= fp[step].first;
generate_divisors_full(step + 1, v, fp, ans);
}
}
else ans.push_back(v);
}
vector<int> get_divisors(int key) {
unordered_map<int, int> f = factorize(key);
int n = f.size();
vector<pair<int, int>> fp;
for (auto p : f) fp.push_back(p);
vector<int> ans;
generate_divisors(0, 1, fp, ans);
return ans;
}
vector<long long> get_divisors_full(long long key) {
vector<pair<long long, long long>> f = factorize_full(key);
int n = f.size();
vector<pair<long long, long long>> fp;
for (auto p : f) fp.push_back(p);
vector<long long> ans;
generate_divisors_full(0, 1, fp, ans);
return ans;
}
long long get_divisors_count(long long key) {
vector<pair<long long, long long>> f = factorize_full(key);
long long ans = 1;
for (auto p : f) ans *= (p.second + 1);
return ans;
}
};
long long mul_inv(long long a, long long b)
{
long long b0 = b, t, q;
long long x0 = 0, x1 = 1;
if (b == 1) return 1;
while (a > 1) {
q = a / b;
t = b, b = a % b, a = t;
t = x0, x0 = x1 - q * x0, x1 = t;
}
if (x1 < 0) x1 += b0;
return x1;
}
long long division(long long a, long long b, long long p) { // (a / b) mod p = ((a mod p) * (b^(-1) mod p)) mod p
long long ans, inv;
inv = mul_inv(b, p);
ans = ((a % p) * inv) % p;
return ans;
}
#define MP make_pair
#define PB push_back
#define F first
#define S second
#define LB lower_bound
#define UB upper_bound
#define SZ(x) ((int)x.size())
#define LEN(x) ((int)x.length())
#define ALL(x) begin(x), end(x)
#define RSZ resize
#define ASS assign
#define REV(x) reverse(x.begin(), x.end());
#define MAX(x) *max_element(ALL(x))
#define MIN(x) *min_element(ALL(x))
#define FOR(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
#define FOR1(i, n) for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
#define SORT(x) sort(x.begin(), x.end())
#define RSORT(x) sort(x.rbegin(), x.rend())
#define SUM(x) accumulate(x.begin(), x.end(), 0LL)
#define IN(x) cin >> x;
#define OUT(x) cout << x << "\n";
#define INV(x, n) FOR(iiii, n) { cin >> x[iiii]; }
#define INV1(x, n) FOR1(iiii, n) { cin >> x[iiii]; }
#define OUTV(x, n) { FOR(iiii, n) { cout << x[iiii] << " "; } cout << "\n"; }
#define OUTV1(x, n) { FOR1(iiii, n) { cout << x[iiii] << " "; } cout << "\n"; }
#define OUTYN(x) { if (x) cout << "YES\n"; else cout << "NO\n"; }
#define OUTyn(x) { if (x) cout << "Yes\n"; else cout << "No\n"; }
#define MOD7 1000000007
#define MOD9 1000000009
#define MOD3 998244353
int main()
{
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
LL t, n, x, ans, i, j, k, last;
cin >> t;
while (t--) {
cin >> n;
ans = n;
last = 0;
FOR(i, n) {
cin >> x;
if (x > last + 1) ans += x - (last + 1);
last = x;
}
OUT(ans);
}
return 0;
}
Point Grid CodeChef Solution in PYTH 3
# cook your dish here
from sys import stdin,stdout
from math import log2,ceil,floor
input=stdin.readline
def printend(*argv):
output=""
for arg in argv: output+=str(arg)+" "
stdout.write(output)
def print(*argv):
output=""
for arg in argv: output+=str(arg)+" "
stdout.write(output+"\n")
# for _ in range(1):
for _ in range(int(input())):
n=int(input())
lst=list(map(int,input().split()))
lst=lst[::-1]
coverup=0
cost=0
for num in lst:
if coverup>0:coverup-=1
if coverup<num:
cost+=num-coverup
coverup=num
print(cost)Point Grid CodeChef Solution in C
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int t;
scanf("%d",&t);
while(t--){
int n;
scanf("%d",&n);
int a[n+1],i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
long long int ans=0;
int z=0;
for(i=n-1;i>=0;i--){
ans+= z > a[i] ? 0 : a[i] - z;
z = a[i]-1;
}
printf("%lld\n",ans);
}
return 0;
}Point Grid CodeChef Solution in JAVA
import java.util.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.io.*;
/* Name of the class has to be "Main" only if the class is public. */
class Codechef
{
Input1 aa;
public void calc() throws Exception {
int n=ni();
int ar[]=new int[n];
long ans=0L;
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
ar[i]=ni();
}
ans=ar[n-1];
for(i=n-2;i>=0;i--)
{
if(ar[i]>=ar[i+1])
{
ans=ans+(long)(ar[i]-ar[i+1]+1);
}
}
System.out.println(ans);
}
public void run() throws Exception
{
aa=new Input1();
int t=ni();
while(t-->0){
calc();
}
}
public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception
{
// your code goes here
try{
new Codechef().run();
}
catch(Exception ee){
}
}
public int ni() throws Exception{
return Integer.parseInt(aa.next());
}
class Input1{
BufferedReader br;
StringTokenizer str;
public Input1(){
br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
}
public String next() throws Exception{
while(str==null || !str.hasMoreTokens()){
str=new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
}
return str.nextToken();
}
}
}Point Grid CodeChef Solution in PYPY 3
import math
def get_steps(val, left, right):
steps = 1
steps += max(0, val - right)
return steps
for t in range(int(input())):
n = int(input())
a = list(map(int, input().split()))
steps = a[0]
left = 1
right = a[0] + 1
for i in range(1, len(a)):
steps += get_steps(a[i], left, right)
left += 1
right = a[i] + 1
print(steps)Point Grid CodeChef Solution in PYTH
t = int(raw_input())
for i in range(t):
N = int(raw_input())
st = raw_input().split()
dx = 0
mx = 1
r = 0
for x in st:
n = int(x) - dx
r += 1
if n > mx:
r += n-mx
# endif
mx = n
dx += 1
# endfor x
print r
# endfor i
Point Grid CodeChef Solution in C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class Test
{
private static void Fill(IList<long> list, ref string str)
{
checked
{
list.Clear();
var strIdx = 0;
long sign = 1;
long curr = 0;
while (strIdx < str.Length)
{
if (str[strIdx] == ' ')
{
list.Add(sign * curr);
curr = 0;
sign = 1;
}
else if (str[strIdx] == '-')
{
sign = -1;
curr = 0;
}
else
{
curr *= 10;
curr += (long)(str[strIdx] - '0');
}
strIdx++;
}
list.Add(sign * curr);
}
}
private interface IInputReader
{
string ReadInput();
}
private class ConsoleReader : IInputReader
{
public string ReadInput() => Console.ReadLine().Trim();
}
public static void Main()
{
checked
{
//var reader = new DebugReader();
var reader = new ConsoleReader();
var tests = int.Parse(reader.ReadInput());
List<long> w = new List<long>();
for (int test = 0; test < tests; test++)
{
var n = int.Parse(reader.ReadInput());
var str = reader.ReadInput();
Fill(w, ref str);
long res = 0;
res += w[n - 1];
for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (w[i] >= w[i + 1])
{
res += (w[i] - w[i + 1] + 1);
}
}
Console.WriteLine(res);
}
}
}
}Point Grid CodeChef Solution in GO
package main
import (
"bufio"
"bytes"
"fmt"
"os"
)
func readInt(bytes []byte, from int, val *int) int {
i := from
sign := 1
if bytes[i] == '-' {
sign = -1
i++
}
tmp := 0
for i < len(bytes) && bytes[i] >= '0' && bytes[i] <= '9' {
tmp = tmp*10 + int(bytes[i]-'0')
i++
}
*val = tmp * sign
return i
}
func readNum(reader *bufio.Reader) (a int) {
bs, _ := reader.ReadBytes('\n')
readInt(bs, 0, &a)
return
}
func readTwoNums(reader *bufio.Reader) (a int, b int) {
res := readNNums(reader, 2)
a, b = res[0], res[1]
return
}
func readThreeNums(reader *bufio.Reader) (a int, b int, c int) {
res := readNNums(reader, 3)
a, b, c = res[0], res[1], res[2]
return
}
func readNNums(reader *bufio.Reader, n int) []int {
res := make([]int, n)
x := 0
bs, _ := reader.ReadBytes('\n')
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
for x < len(bs) && (bs[x] < '0' || bs[x] > '9') && bs[x] != '-' {
x++
}
x = readInt(bs, x, &res[i])
}
return res
}
func readUint64(bytes []byte, from int, val *uint64) int {
i := from
var tmp uint64
for i < len(bytes) && bytes[i] >= '0' && bytes[i] <= '9' {
tmp = tmp*10 + uint64(bytes[i]-'0')
i++
}
*val = tmp
return i
}
func main() {
reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
tc := readNum(reader)
var buf bytes.Buffer
for tc > 0 {
tc--
n := readNum(reader)
W := readNNums(reader, n)
res := solve(n, W)
buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%d\n", res))
}
fmt.Print(buf.String())
}
func solve(n int, W []int) int64 {
var res int64
var x int
for i := n; i > 0; i-- {
if W[i-1] > x {
res += int64(W[i-1] - x)
}
x = W[i-1] - 1
}
return res
}Point Grid CodeChef Solution Review:
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